RFID technology can be classified into low frequency, high frequency, ultra-high frequency, and microwave categories based on operating frequency. Different RFID systems vary greatly in hardware cost and performance.

(1) Low Frequency (LF): Operating frequency 125kHz to 134kHz, wavelength approximately 2500m. Short read range (≤30cm), data transfer rate about 10kbps, can penetrate water and metal. Suitable for animal identification, car keys, medical applications, and patient access control for short-range secure communication scenarios.

(2) High Frequency (HF, High Frequency): Operating frequency 13.56MHz, read range approximately 0-1 meter. HF RFID systems are known for their high-speed reading capability, but require line-of-sight communication. Due to more advanced features, they are usually more expensive than LF systems. Suitable for access control cards, NFC payments, library management systems, etc.

(3) Ultra-High Frequency (UHF, Ultra-High Frequency): Operating frequency 860MHz to 960MHz, read range 0-20 meters. Depending on modulation technology, data transfer rate ranges from 40 to 640 kbps. Due to far-field communication capability, UHF RFID systems can achieve longer read range and simultaneous reading of multiple tags, thus widely used in inventory management and supply chain applications.

(4) Microwave (MW): Operating frequency 2.45GHz or 5.8GHz, read range up to 50-300 meters or more. Suitable for electronic toll collection systems, container identification, and other scenarios requiring long-range identification.

Selection tip: Use LF for water and metal proximity, use HF for short-range payment, use HF for industrial automation, use UHF for long-range and bulk reading. Various frequencies ofRFID readerscan be found on this website. Welcome to consult.